Ventilator.



No. 878,214. PATENTED FEB. 4, 1908.

J. LORENZ.

VEN TIL ATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 3, 1906.

' 1 SSHEETS-SHEET 2.

Min asses: f1: venior No. 878,214. PATENTED FEB. 4. 1908. J. LORENZ.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION FILED D110. 3, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

mflzesses jivezzfar JACOB LORENZ, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 4, 1908.

Application filed December 3, 1906. Serial No. 346.150.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Moon LORENZ, a citizen of the United States,residing at the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Ventilators, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had therein to theaccompanying drawings.

This invention relates to ventilators, particularly to an improved formof the device illustrated in my prior United States patent No. 802,000,issued October 17, 1905.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, in which likenumbers of reference denote like parts wherever they occur, Figure 1 isa perspective fragmentary view of a house-shutter equipped with mydevice; Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view, partly in section, with one of theside panels removed, exhibiting the V-shaped slats in the ventilatingposition; Fig. 3 is a view of the same parts depicted in Fig. 2, theslats, however, being in a different position; Fig. 4 is a fragmentaryfront view of a shutter equipped with my device, the front wings of theV- shaped slats being partly broken away, and one of the side panelsbeing shown in section; Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view, partly in section,showing the manner of attaching the slats to the side panels; Fig. 6 isa perspective view of one end of one of the V-shaped slats; Fig. 7 is asectional view of a shutter having a modified form of slats; Fig. 8 is afragmentary view of one of the side panels, in perspective; Fig. 9 is aperspective view of the locking stud; Fig. 10 is a view showing onemeans of hinging the wings when slats of my preferred form are used;Fig. 11 is a front elevation showing a modified form of attaching thecontrolling'rod; and Fig. 12 is a sectional view on the line 1212, Fig.1.1.

This ventilator maybe applied in a variety of ways, and, as one example,it is illustrated in the drawings as being used in lieu of the slats orblinds of an ordinary window-shutter, although many other uses willreadily occur to skilled artisans.

The shutter-frame or equivalent structure is herein shown as beingformed of the stiles 1 and top and bottom rails 2. The space within theframe is PIOViClGfl with a plurality of V-shaped slats 3, on the insideof each of which are staples 4; in which other staples 6 loop, thecontrolling rod 7, into which staples 6 are driven, being therebyattached to each of the slats, so that the entire series may move or bemoved in unison.

Each of the V-shapcd slats is pivoted, at the union of its wings, in thestiles 2. The means of pivoting can be varied, as circumstances maydctcrminc. In the drawings, as one example, I have shown tenons 9 whichproject from the apexes of the slats, and extend into openings orrecesses 10 in the stiles 1. \Vhcre metal slats are used, the mosteconomical construction will be to solder or otherwise fasten rods orpintlcs in the crotch of the V, and these rods, which must be ofslightly greater length than the slats, project into the recesses 10just as do the tenons 9.

The stiles 1 are formed with shoulders 8, or, in place of theseshoulders, cleats, detachable from the stiles, may be used. In theseshoulders or cleats are send-cylindrical recesses 1] in which the tenons9 are fitted. The shoulders on both stiles are preferably placed on thesame side of the shutter, namely,. the outside, and the wings on thatside of the frame are of the proper length to extend from one shoulderto the other, while the wings on the opposite side are longer and extendfrom stile to stile, and in front of the shoulders S. It will be seen,therefore, that having the two wings of each of the V-shaped slats ofunequal length allows said slats to fit snugly over the shoulders 8, inthe manner most clearly depicted in Fig. 5, and thus to fill in all thespace between same and the stiles 1, thereby leaving no peepholes orcracks at the ends of the slats.

To the bottom rail 2 a tongue or stop 12 is secured against which thelowest slat may strike, thus positively limiting the movement of theseries of slats. This tongue extends the full length of the rail 2, andprecludes vision between the lowest of the series of slats and thebottom rail 2.

Normally, the slats 3 will occupy the posilation of air, but absolutelyprecludes vision from either side of the shutter so equipped. In case ofa sudden wind storm, accompanied by either dust or rain, if the windblows from left to right in Fig. 3, the slats will at once assume theposition shown in that figure, the dust'being, obviously, excluded,

tion shown in Fig. 2, which allows free circuor the rain shed off. Ifthe wind should! blow in a draft through the house, from right to left,Fig. 3, a movement the reverse of that above described would result,excluding dust or rain equally well.

While the foregoing description has had reference only to a form ofconstruction in which both wings and, preferably, the tenons 9 as well,are integral, that being a form of mill-work which can be easily andcheaply manufactured, it is possible to provide V shaped slats havingseparately-actuatable wings, this construction being partly depicted inFig. 7. In this, which, in some respects, is the preferred form, thewings are pivoted so that each one may be moved either independently of,or in conjunction with, its partner. Each wing is provided with sleeves13, and the sleeves of each pair are placed in alinement, so that a rodor pintle 14 can be inserted therethrough, said rods or pintles beinglonger than the slats and adapted to be received within the recesses 10and grooves 11. Other means for pivoting the slats can be substituted,with out departing from the spirit of the invention. A sector 15, bymeans of its irregular radial arm 16, is attached to the outer wing ofone of the V-shaped slats, and, by reason of the l. 17 of said arm 16,when the sector 15 is caused to move, movement is imparted, also, to thewing to which said L is attached, both traveling in the same are of acircle. As the controlling-rod 7 is connected to the wing thus actuatedby the sector 15, motion, is thereby communicated through it from thesector 15 to the other wings in the same series. The sector 15 passesthrough a slot 18 in the lower rail 2, plates 19 covering said slot andpreventing vision therethrough, and being themselves slotted so asneatly to fit said sec-tor and afford bearings therefor. The inner endof said sector 15 is elongated, and provided with a plurality ofperforations or recesses 20, whereby the wings of both series may belocked inany desired position by means hereinafter described. Abifurcated stud 21 fixed to one of the inner wings and provided with aleaf spring 22 bearing a pin 23, locks the inner series of wings in anydesired position by means of the protrusion of said pin 23 through oneof the openings 20. Then thus locked (as, for instance, in the positionshown in Fig. 7) the movement of either controlling rod, or any slat ofeither series by wind-pressure or otherwise, or of the sector 15, willcause all the V-shaped slats and connected parts to move in unison.

When the parts are in the position depicted in Fig. 7, the operation ofthe device is identical with that of the form first described. Theadvantage arising from the use of the preferred form is that the angleof the \I can be altered at will, or the two wings of each slat evenplaced in the same plane, thus allowing the device to be convertedreadily into a straight-slat shutter, instead of one with \l-slats.

The ease with which any shutter or other frame to be equipped witheither form of the herein-described ventilator can be assembled,constitutes one of its most marked advan tages. The stiles and rails arelaid upon a bench or table so that the grooved face of the shoulders 8is upward. The respective slats are then placed with the tenons 9 orequivalent slat-pivots resting in the grooves 11, and the whole frame isthen ready to have the stiles 1 pressed together and screwed, orotherwise secured, to the cross-pieces 2, the shutter then being readyfor use. Any carpenter or planing-mill operative who has had anyexperience in assembling old style blinds in which it is necessary toplace the tenons of the slats directly in the recesses bored in thestiles knows the difliculty of completing the operationespecially theplacing of the slats in the recesses of the second stile, it beingcomparatively easy to insert them in the firstwithout accidentallydisarranging some of the slats and thus having to assemble all partsafresh.

Another advantage is that the grooves in the shoulders 8 afford agreater bearing surface for the pivots than could be obtained by havingmerely the recesses in the stiles. It is, also, much easier tomanufacture stiles having the shoulders 8 in lieu of socketed cleatsthan it is to make a shutter frame where the slats are held in cleats,which cleats must be secured to the stiles, thus causing both extratrouble and expense.

In lieu of securing the controlling-rod to the slats in the customarymanner, 6. g., as depicted in Figs. 1 or 4, the rods may be connected tothe slats as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. In this form deep slots 24 and 25are cut in one of the stiles 1, these slots being disposed approximatelyat right angles to each other. The controlling-rod 7 moves in slot 24,and, extending from rod 7 are studs 26, which pro j ect through slot 25,and eccentrically engage the V-shaped slats 3, there being one such studfor each slat, the studs projecting into sockets or recesses 27 providedtherefor in 115 the slats. Thus, as in the other forms of the invention,all the slats in the series move or are moved in unison, and theoperation is the same as that hereinabove described. The slots 24 and 25must be of sufficient size to 120 allow for the movement of the studs,which travel in an arcuate path,-and a knob 28, suitably connected bystud 29 to rod 7 should be provided, so that the rod, when at itsrearmost position in the slot 24, and, therefore,

Patent is 1 3 0 1. In a device of the character described, thecombination of stiles, slats pivotally mounted therein, a pair of slotsin one of said stiles disposed at right ahgles to each other, acontrolling rod in one of said slots, studs projecting from said rod andthrough the other of said slots, and engaging said slats eccentrically.

2. In a device of the character described, the combination of stiles,shoulders thereupon, V-shaped slats supported by said stiles and saidshoulders, a pair of slots on the side opposite the shouldered side ofone of said stiles, said slots being approximately at right angles toeach other, a controlling-rod in one of said slots, and studs projectingfrom said rod through the other of said slots, said studs eecentricallyengaging said slats.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination of two seriesof separatelyactuatable wings, both series of wings having a commonseries of pivots, stiles having shoulders thereupon and recessestherein, said pivots being thereby supported, a pair of slots in one ofsaid stiles, said slots being approximately at right angles to eachother, a controlling-rod inv one of said slots, and studs projectingtherefrom through the other of said slots, said studs eccentricallyengaging said wings.

4. In a device of the character described,

the combination of a frame composed of stiles" and rails, a shoulder oneach stile, V-shaped slats supported by said stiles and said shoulders,slots in one of said stiles, a controlling rod in one of said slots, andstuds which project from said rod through the other of said slots andeccentrically engage said slats, the Walls of said last-mentioned slotbeing approximately parallel to the plane in which the axes of saidslats lie.

5. In a device of the character described, the combination of stiles,shoulders thereupon, grooves in said shoulders, recesses in said stiles,said recesses registering with said grooves, a series of V-shaped slats,said slats having wings unequal in length, said shorter wings extendingfrom shoulder to shoulder, and said longer wings extending from stile tostile, and tenons projecting from said V- shaped slats into saidrecesses, thereby pivotally to support said slats.

6. In a device of the character described, the combination of stiles,shoulders thereupon, grooves in said shoulders, recesses in said stiles,said recesses registering with said grooves, a series of V-shaped slats,said slats having wings unequal in length, said shorter wings extendingfrom shoulder to shoulder and. said longer wings extending from stile tostile, the edges of said longer wings which are adjacent the ends of theshorter wings being rounded off and fitting in said grooves, and tenonsprojecting from the slats and into said sockets, thereby to support theslats.

7. In a device of the character described, the combination of stiles,shoulders thereupon, grooves in said shoulders, recesses in said stiles,said recesses registering with said grooves, a series of V-shaped slats,said slats having wings unequal in length, the shorter wings extendingfrom shoulder to shoulder and said longer wings from stile to stile, theedges of said longer wings which are adjacent the ends of the shorterwings being rounded off and fitting in said grooves, tenons projectingfrom said slats and into said recesses, slots in one of said stiles,said slots receiving a controlling rod and means cross-connecting saidrod and said slats.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

JACOB LORENZ.

W'itnesses:

GLADYS WVAL'roN, HUGH K. WAGNER.

